Bits, Bytes and More
Bits as on/off switches, unsigned bytes from eight bits, and more binary building blocks.
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Computing
Boolean Truth Tables
NOT, AND, OR, NAND, NOR, XOR, and XNOR truth tables, plus how simple gate networks perform arithmetic.
Boolean Truth TablesBitwise Operations
AND, OR, XOR, NOT, and bit shifts on 8-bit, 16-bit, and 32-bit unsigned integers with live binary and hex.
Bitwise OperationsSigned & Unsigned Numbers
Decimal to binary and hex for 8-bit, 16-bit, 32-bit, and 64-bit signed and unsigned integers.
Signed & Unsigned NumbersByte Storage Order
16-bit, 32-bit, and 64-bit signed integers in decimal and hex, with big-endian and little-endian byte layout.
Byte Storage OrderIEEE 754 Floating Point
32-bit float and 64-bit double layout: sign, exponent, mantissa, hexadecimal bytes, and binary fields.
IEEE 754 Floating PointIPv4 Address & Subnet
Network and broadcast addresses, subnet mask, wildcard mask, host range, and usable host count from CIDR.
IPv4 Address & SubnetBase64 Encoding
Encode UTF-8 text to Base64 and decode Base64 back to text, with underlying byte values in hex.
Base64 EncodingUnix/Linux File Permissions
Toggle rwx for user, group, and other; see symbolic notation, octal chmod values, and special bits.
Unix/Linux File PermissionsUTF-8 & Unicode
Unicode code points and UTF-8 byte sequences for each character, with per-character breakdown.
UTF-8 & UnicodeData Storage
Bits, nibbles, bytes, base 10 and base 2 units, plus hexadecimal, octal, and binary address ranges.
Data Storage ConverterNumber Base Conversions
Decimal, hexadecimal, octal, and binary with one's and two's complement — edit any base field and all values stay in sync.
Decimal, Hex, Octal & BinaryCharacter Sets
Enter a string to see ASCII and IBM EBCDIC (code page 037) hex and decimal byte values side by side.
ASCII & EBCDICAbout these computing tools
Binary, encoding, and networking concepts are easier when you can toggle bits and see every representation update together. This hub spans low-level building blocks — bits and bytes, truth tables, bitwise ops, endianness, IEEE 754 floats — through practical utilities such as IPv4 subnet breakdown, Base64, UTF-8 code points, and Unix/Linux permission bits.
Number-base conversion is the glue between human-readable hex and machine binary; our Number Base Conversions page syncs decimal, hexadecimal, octal, and binary with a companion guide on number bases for beginners. For networking, IPv4 Subnet pairs with IPv4 subnet basics; for permissions on servers and repos, see Unix/Linux File Permissions and the permissions guide.
Pages that need large integers or floating-point edge cases document limits in the UI. Nothing here executes code you type — safe for classroom and interview prep.